Can cosmic acceleration be caused by exotic massless particles ?

To describe dark energy we introduce a fluid model with no free parameter on the microscopic level. The constituents of this fluid are massless particles which are a dynamical realisation of the unextended D = (3+ 1) Galilei algebra. These particles are exotic as they live in an enlarged phase space. Their only interaction is with gravity. A minimal coupling to the gravitational field, satisfying Einstein’s equivalence principle, leads to a dynamically active gravitational mass density of either sign. A two-component model containing matter (baryonic and dark) and dark energy leads, through the cosmological principle, to Friedmann-like equations. Their solutions show a deceleration phase for the early universe and an acceleration phase for the late universe. We predict the Hubble parameter H(z)/H0 and the deceleration parameter q(z) and compare them with available experimental data. We also discuss a reduced model (one component dark